<div dir="ltr">Hi<div><br></div><div>I think the following commentary would be interesting to the members.</div><div><br></div><div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><span style="color:rgb(18,18,18);font-family:Merriweather;font-size:18px">The world's Regional Internet Registries (RIRs), coordinated by Number Resource Organization (NRO), manage the distribution of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses in five continents respectively. Although far less well known than domain names, IP addresses are also the critical resources essential to the proper function of the global internet. As the steward of the critical address resources, NRO and all the Regional Registries are highly respected technical organizations. </span><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><span style="color:rgb(18,18,18);font-family:Merriweather;font-size:18px">However, many people in the internet community are surprised, though not in a lovely way, by the NRO's public call requesting Mauritius government to intervene in a court case in which AFRINIC was sued by a company reportedly located in Hong Kong for a contractual dispute. AFRINIC is the RIR for Africa, established in 2004 and headquartered in Ebene, Mauritius. Since the case involves the complicated legal and internet governance issues during a long period of time, the merit and procedure of the case cannot be elaborated in such a short piece. But anyone, of course, has the right to comment or opine on the case and may well have the different propositions or preferences. </span><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><span style="color:rgb(18,18,18);font-family:Merriweather;font-size:18px">But the NRO's Open Letter dated July 12, 2022 to Mauritius Foreign Minister and Attorney General uncommonly requests the government take action against the on-going court proceeding in a country with "stable and consistent legal system." Should the NRO's request be successful, Mauritius would hardly be able to maintain her "stable and consistent legal system" simply because judicial independence, the cornerstone of rule of law, would be subverted. </span><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><span style="color:rgb(18,18,18);font-family:Merriweather;font-size:18px">Since AFRINIC deliberately chose "Mauritius as the most appropriate place to host this fundamental role for the regional Internet", it shall comply with the laws and court orders of that country. The NRO's belief that preservation and protection of "the independence of AFRINIC" be only achieved through repudiating Mauritius legal system that actually "benefit" AFRINIC is entirely paradoxical. </span><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><span style="color:rgb(18,18,18);font-family:Merriweather;font-size:18px">The contractual dispute is a civil dispute in nature. The NRO's blames on both the "abusive" litigation and Mauritius court orders (such as the interim measure to freeze the AFRINIC's bank account) should be able to be reviewed or resolved within the legal system of Mauritius. Instead of keeping any faith in the "stable and consistent legal system" from which AFRINIC chose to reside in order to obtain the benefit, the NRO's resort to the government powers to influence or control the court proceeding seems arbitrary, cynical and a bit arrogant to a sovereignty state. Doing so is of little help to AFRINIC that is subject to the territorial jurisdiction of Mauritius. Doesn't NRO consider that its proactive Letter could make AFRINIC less welcome in local host country?</span><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><span style="color:rgb(18,18,18);font-family:Merriweather;font-size:18px">More interestingly, the NRO requests in the letter that the AFRINIC be recognized from Mauritius "as an international organization." Actually, what's requested by the NRO is the legal immunity granted to the legal status of an international organization. However, only Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs) created through multilateral international treaties, like the UN based in New York or World Trade Organization (WTO) based in Geneva, are entitled to the legal status of privileges or immunities based upon the respective founding charters or treaties. AFRINIC, as stated at <a href="http://www.afrinic.net/" target="_blank">www.afrinic.net</a>, is a nonprofit and member-based organization registered and operating under the Corporate Legal Frameworks of Mauritius. Irrespective of the NRO's call to recognize AFRINIC as an international organization "as rapidly as possible", obviously, no such international treaty exists at the moment. Before requesting for AFRINIC's legal status of an international organization, the international treaty that can support the NRO's request has to be concluded. Notwithstanding AFRINIC's importance to Africa, including but not limited to providing the services to internet operators, fostering digital culture throughout the region, and supporting regional digital economy, it will inevitably take years for African countries to convene, negotiate and reach an agreement on the treaty for AFRINIC. Actually, very few internet organizations transform into treaty organizations. Most of them remain non-governmental nonprofit organizations. For example, both the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers and Internet Engineering Task Force, two most influential global internet organizations, are incorporated under the American laws without any treaty immunity status. Although the pros and cons about the so-called "UN model" has been hotly debated for a couple of years, technical community is largely not keen of transforming into treaty organizations for a variety of reasons. The NRO's request that AFRINIC be recognized as an IGO is an eyebrow-raising move to the internet technical community. </span><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><span style="color:rgb(18,18,18);font-family:Merriweather;font-size:18px">Alternatively, Mauritius legislature may extraordinarily enact a special law to grant the legal immunity for AFRINIC. If NRO calls for this approach, it is ironical that the call was made to the Foreign Minister and Attorney General, none of whom has the legislative powers. </span><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><span style="color:rgb(18,18,18);font-family:Merriweather;font-size:18px">By all means, transformation of AFRINIC into an international organization either through an international treaty or a special Mauritius law deserves strategic thinking and planning, not just for convenience.</span><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><span style="color:rgb(18,18,18);font-family:Merriweather;font-size:18px">Further, should AFRINIC obtain the legal immunity of an international organization, such legal status generally shouldn't be applied retrospectively. In an unlikely scenario that Mauritius government did address this issue "as rapidly as possible" as urged by NRO, it is still highly contentious why AFRINIC should be allowed to resort to the newly-gained legal immunity in the preexisting legal proceeding of a contractual dispute. Since non-retrospective is the commonly-recognized legal principle in the world, NRO's request for AFRINIC's international organization status, no matter successful or not, is unlikely to have any effect on the current court case.</span><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><span style="color:rgb(18,18,18);font-family:Merriweather;font-size:18px">Although internet technical organizations origined from North America and Europe, they now commit to function as the steward of critical internet resources in the global public interests. They should keep in mind that mutual respect and trust between the internet organizations and sovereign states in the Global South are very important to the stable operation and development of the internet. NRO's Open Letter not only shows little understanding of the real legal issues in the proceeding but the striking sense of superiority in the post-colonist world. If NRO really wants to ensure AFRINIC "to remain accountable and subject to Mauritian laws", it should contribute to resolve the dispute, not to cause collateral damage. </span><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><span style="color:rgb(18,18,18);font-family:Merriweather;font-size:18px">(</span><i>The author is a professor of law with the Beijing Normal University</i><span style="color:rgb(18,18,18);font-family:Merriweather;font-size:18px">.)</span><br></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px"><br></div></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:13.3333px">Source:<a href="https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202207/1271059.shtml">https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202207/1271059.shtml</a></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, Jul 20, 2022 at 11:09 PM Kaj Niemi <<a href="mailto:kajtzu@basen.net">kajtzu@basen.net</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
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<p class="MsoNormal">The Dutch government recognizes the following international organizations <a href="https://www.government.nl/topics/international-organisations/multilateral-forums" target="_blank">https://www.government.nl/topics/international-organisations/multilateral-forums</a><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Almost all countries have a concept of international organization, which is not to be confused with associations and corporate entities, with their own criteria on what they wish to recognize and invite to their country. Usually, these
organizations exist in a country because the host government is part of them one way or another (UN, NATO, ICJ, etc.) and the privileges extended of course depend on the treaty between the organization and the host country itself.<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Kaj<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> members-discuss <<a href="mailto:members-discuss-bounces@ripe.net" target="_blank">members-discuss-bounces@ripe.net</a>>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Elvis Daniel Velea<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, July 19, 2022 13:31<br>
<b>To:</b> Sander Steffann <<a href="mailto:sander@steffann.nl" target="_blank">sander@steffann.nl</a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Christian Kaufmann <<a href="mailto:exec-board@ripe.net" target="_blank">exec-board@ripe.net</a>>; <a href="mailto:members-discuss@ripe.net" target="_blank">members-discuss@ripe.net</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [members-discuss] NRO letter to Mauritian Government<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Hi Sander,<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Tue, Jul 19, 2022 at 02:33 Sander Steffann <<a href="mailto:sander@steffann.nl" target="_blank">sander@steffann.nl</a>> wrote:<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Hi Elvis,<br>
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> if you and the Board were so keen on transparency and discussion, you would have brought the letter to the community for feedback prior to signing it.<br>
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I have to take it up for the board and Hans Petter here. What you suggest would be unworkable. That would imply that the RIPE NCC couldn’t operate independently anymore and would be micro managed by its members. That is also not ok.<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">this situation is not something unforeseen. this whole AfriNIC issue has been brewing up for years… this letter could have been discussed before it became an emergency<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">on the other hand, the letter, the tone, what it suggests… that is a big thing that may ruin reputation worked and fought for decades.<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Question for CK and HPH: Is there such a thing as an ‘International Organization’ in the Dutch Law? Has the RIPE NCC requested such status for itself before asking it for another RIR?<u></u><u></u></p>
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Cheers,<br>
Sander<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">cheers,<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">elvis<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">PS: I still think I am in a simulation or a dream. This text should not have been written, corrected, approved, signed. Never ever! What right does the NRO have to speak on behalf of the ‘African regional community’ on such harsh terms?<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:black">‘It would be very unfortunate for the African regional community if the above situation proves that the designation of Mauritius as the place to locate AFRINIC has been wrong.’</span><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">-- <u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">This message was sent from a mobile device. Some typos may be possible.
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