[dns-wg] EU: DNS abuse study

On 01. 02. 22 9:32, Hank Nussbacher wrote:
> The EU has published is 173 page opus on DNS abuse:
> 
> https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7d16c267-7f1f-11ec-8c40-01aa75ed71a1/language-en/

I have had a peak when waiting for other things to happen and it might 
be interesting read. Here is a gist from chapter Executive summary:

The study adopts the following definition of DNS abuse:
Domain Name System (DNS) abuse is any activity that makes use of domain 
names or the DNS protocol to carry out harmful or illegal activity.

The main findings of the measurements are:
a) In relative terms, new generic Top-Level Domains (new gTLDs), with an 
estimated market share of 6.6%, are the most abused group of TLDs 
(Appendix 1 – Technical Report, Section 5, p. 26).
b) Not all new gTLDs suffer from DNS abuse to the same extent. The two 
most abused new gTLDs combined account for 41% of all abused new gTLD 
names (Appendix 1 – Technical Report, Section 9.2, p. 32).
c) European Union country code TLDs (EU ccTLDs) are by far the least 
abused in absolute terms and relative to their overall market share 
(Appendix 1 – Technical Report, Section 5, p. 26).
d) The vast majority of spam and botnet command-and-control domain names 
are maliciously registered (Appendix 1 – Technical Report, Section 10.3, 
p. 41).
e) About 25% of phishing domain names and 41% of malware distribution 
domain names are presumably registered by legitimate users, but 
compromised at the hosting level (Appendix 1 – Technical Report, Section 
10.3, p. 41).
f) The top five most abused registrars account for 48% of all 
maliciously registered domain names (Appendix 1 – Technical Report, 
Section 11.2, pp. 43-44).
g) Hosting providers with disproportionate concentrations of spam 
domains reach 3,000 abused domains per 10,000 registered domain names 
(Appendix 1 – Technical Report, Section 12.3, pp. 48-49).
h) The overall level of DNS security extensions (DNSSEC) adoption 
remains low. (Appendix 1 – Technical Report, Section 15.3, pp. 62-63).
i) There are 2.5 million open DNS resolvers worldwide that can be 
effectively used as amplifiers in distributed denial-of-service attacks 
(Appendix 1 – Technical Report, Section 16.4, p. 70).

The numbers above sound interesting.

-- 
Petr Špaček